Seed Germination Problems (6264)

Here are some of the causes of poor germination and methods for preventing future problems.

1. Old seed, especially spinach, beet, and lettuce, will have a reduced germination rate. Purchase new seed; the germination rate will be listed on the packet. Test the germination rate of old seed by spreading out 20_25 seeds on a moistened paper towel. Roll it up, stick it in a plastic bag, place it on top of the refrigerator, and count how may seeds germinate. Divide that number by the total number of seeds tested to arrive at a germination rate.

2. Seeds may have been planted too deeply. Seed should only be planted to a depth of 2 times the seed diameter.

3. Seeds need water and air to germinate. Seed for transplants should be grown in a well-drained, soil-less mix that is kept moist. Seed germination may be poor in tight clay garden soils that do not drain well.

4. Garden soil may form a crust, which seeds cannot easily break through. Try covering seeds with vermiculite or finely screened compost.

5. Birds and other animals may locate and eat newly planted seeds.

6. Seed rot organisms and seed corn maggot may reduce germination rates and seedling vigor. Avoid planting in cold soil (less than 55°F). Try pre-germinating your seeds.

For more information on this subject, Please visit the College of Agricultural Sciences Publications Web site.

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